Pleezer dental endo1/2/2024 ![]() ![]() With 16 flutes, these files have reduced resistance and engagement with root canal walls, which lowers the risk of file breakage ( 14). SafeSider system consists of a series of files with non-circular cross-sections with a flat lateral surface that believed their flat side surface facilitates debris removal. We used SafeSider and K-Flexofile instruments. According to a study by Burklein et al., the amount of residual smear layer with a ProTaper file (triangular cross-section, three cutting edges and small flutes) was slightly higher than the Reciproc instrument (S-shape cross-section with a sharp cutting edge). These results are contradictory in the studies concerning the cleaning ability of hand instruments and rotary systems. According to several studies, the instruments with different cross-sections leave various amounts of debris and smear layers in the canal. Today, there are various methods for cleaning and shaping. This tapered design reduces file fatigue, increases flexibility and simultaneously removes dentin. In the shaping and finishing files, the taper, respectively, rises and decreases toward the coronal. ProTaper Universal, a cross-section of a convex triangle with a variety of tapers, is one of these systems. They are more prone to fracture than manual methods, however they have much less mistakes during root canal preparation. Rotary instruments have high elasticity and high resistance to cyclic fatigue. ![]() To solve the problems of traditional method, rotary systems with nickel-titanium (NiTi) files were introduced to the market. Microorganisms infiltration into dentinal tubules can have adverse effects on the outcomes of endodontic treatments thus, its elimination is necessary. The smear layer and debris left in the canal can also contain microorganisms. The smear layer prevents intracanal medicaments from penetrating the dentinal tubules. It also helps establish a better seal along the canal and microleakage reduction. On the other hand, smear layer removal leads to a better adaptation of filling material with canal walls. Debris is often infectious and prevents microorganisms' removal from the root canal. The smear layer, alongside bacteria and their by-products, is composed and compressed into dentinal tubules, which have a thickness of about 1-5 microns. During root canal cleaning and shaping, dentin mineral debris adheres to the canal walls and the pulp's organic component. ![]() The favorable outcome of root canal treatment depends on proper cleaning and shaping and optimal disinfection of the canals. ![]()
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